环介导等温扩增技术(Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification, LAMP)是一种新颖的核酸扩增方法。其基本原理是采用4条特异引物（针对基因的6个区域）及一种具有链置换活性的DNA聚合酶，在65℃左右对核酸进行等温扩增，短时间扩增效率可达到10⁹～10¹⁰个拷贝。LAMP具有高特异性、高效性、快速、简便、易检测等特点，目前已应用于人类及动植物细菌、病毒、寄生虫、真菌等病原体的快速检测。

图1. LAMP程序

			Operation procedures of LAMP method

Target gene (DNA or RNA) Primer (FIP, F3, BIP, B3) DNA polymerase with strand displacement activity dNTPs Reaction Buffer Reverse transcriptase (in case of RNA) 60°C-65°C 15min-1hr detection Reagents for LAMP method To amplify DNA: Four primers (FIP, F3, BIP, B3), DNA polymerase with strand displacement activity, substrates (deoxynucleotide triphosphate), and the reaction buffer are required. To amplify RNA: Add reverse transcriptase to the above reagents.     Procedure for the LAMP method The procedure simply consists of incubating the template sample and the above reagents at a constant temperature between 60-65°C for 15 minutes to 1 hour, the amplification can be detected through the presence of amplified product. LAMP method allows the whole reaction process, including denaturing, proceeds at a constant temperature by incubating the reagents in a simple incubator. The presence of amplified product can be detected in a short time so as to provide a simple and rapid gene amplification method. Since 4 primers are designed to recognize 6 distinct regions on the target gene, only the target gene can be specifically amplified. In addition, LAMP method has the characteristics of 1) no special reagent required, 2) no sophisticated temperature control device required, 3) the template can be simply detected through the presence of amplified product. Since it only requires simple equipment, cost effective genetic test can be achieved. Both simple detection and real-time detection of the reaction are possible. Using Loop Primer can shorten amplification time by one third to one half.